Sunday was “Day Zero” on Villarrica volcano. We decided that the best use of our time would be to split into two groups and scout out good sites for taking measurements of the volcanic plume with both UV spectrometers (DOAS) and the UV camera.

Three sites were chosen for recon: Los Crateres, a lookout point on the north side of the volcano; Glaciar Turbio, along an unmarked trail to the east; and Glaciar Pichillancahue, another lookout point to the southeast.

Map of our field site locations
Los Crateres
The Los Crateres team, Kelby, Kayla, & Yves, set off on a beautiful but challenging hike. Carrying with them two full-sized car batteries, a 12 kg UV camera and accessories, a DOAS scanner, tripods, computers, and other odds and ends was an incredible challenge and required two trips to the site and back. Needless to say, the group was knackered by the end of the day.

It turns out that Los Crateres is a perfect spot for simultaneous UV camera and DOAS measurements. The view of the volcano and it’s plume is ideal. The team have stashed the car batteries and tripods at the site (carrying those things up once was enough!) and will come back to measure regularly from this site. Kelby managed to get a few measurements with his UV camera, but most of the day was spent getting the gear up there.


Scanning the plume from the Los Crateres site
Glaciar Turbio/Glaciar Pichillancahue
Nial and Tehnuka left the others at the main park entrance and drove around the volcano to the north, planning to find a route up the Rio Turbio that would get them to the Turbio glacier front, where they could set up a DOAS scan.
Unfortunately, the map led them astray, and they ended up driving down a dirt road (dodging cows) to what they thought was the park entrance, only to find a sign telling them it was closed on Sundays.

Neither of us knows much Spanish – but it turns out ‘Vertedero’ means rubbish dump.
They picked out an alternative track to the east, which would take them to Glacier Pichillancahue, and returned to the main road (dodging the same cows). After only one more wrong turn, the two found their way up a gravel road – which turned into a four wheel drive track somewhat earlier than expected. Carrying their gear, including the car battery in Nial’s pack, they both made it to the park rangers’ office.
The route they had chosen was a two hour walk starting a few kilometres further down the 4WD track. However, the helpful ranger suggested a shorter walk up to a lookout point (‘it gains a lot of altitude fast’, he said in Spanish) that would give a view of Villarrica’s plume as well as nearby volcanoes Quetrupilllan and Llaima. The site would be several kilometres further from the crater than we’d hoped, but it was almost noon and Nial and Tehnuka were keen to set up the scan while there was still plenty of UV, so they took the ranger’s advice and started winding their way up the hill. It would be interesting to see what they could pick up at that distance, anyway.
The walk did gain altitude quite fast, but after an hour and a half – Tehnuka thought the ranger had said it was a thirty minute walk – the two decided that the view of the plume wouldn’t get any better, and began to set up the DOAS. At this stage they realised that they were missing the cable that connected the computer to the scanner, and – when they decided to try scanning manually (moving the telescope by hand) just to see what they could pick up – the software wouldn’t open. As they walked back, clouds began to build over the summit.
It was a pretty long walk carrying a lot of gear, and it was quite disappointing not to get any data, but we agreed that it was better to have things go wrong on a reconnaissance day than any other time. On the bright side, we had some amazing views!

View while setting up the DOAS. The top of Villarrica is visible over the top of the ridge. The pale blue of the plume extends right of the summit - it is grounded near the crater and then rises. A cloud has formed along the line of the plume (in the middle of the photo).